How the Basal Ganglia Use Parallel Excitatory and Inhibitory Learning Pathways to Selectively Respond to Unexpected Rewarding Cues Abbreviated Title: Basal Ganglia Learning and Unexpected Rewards
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How the basal ganglia use parallel excitatory and inhibitory learning pathways to selectively respond to unexpected rewarding cues.
After classically conditioned learning, dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) respond immediately to unexpected conditioned stimuli (CS) but omit formerly seen responses to expected unconditioned stimuli, notably rewards. These cells play an important role in reinforcement learning. A neural model explains the key neurophysiological properties of these cells before, dur...
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This article summarizes neural models that simulate how the basal ganglia contribute to associative and reinforcement learning, and to movement gating, in multiple brain systems. The first model proposes how the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) generates widespread dopaminergic learning signals in response to unexpected rewarding cues, including a circuit for adaptively timed learning using...
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In the basal ganglia, convergent input and dopaminergic modulation of the direct striatonigral and the indirect striatopallidal pathways are critical in rewarding and aversive learning and drug addiction. To explore how the basal ganglia information is processed and integrated through these two pathways, we developed a reversible neurotransmission blocking technique, in which transmission of ea...
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The hippocampus and the basal ganglia are thought to play fundamental and distinct roles in learning and memory, supporting two dissociable memory systems. Interestingly, however, the hippocampus and the basal ganglia have each, separately, been implicated as necessary for reversal learning-the ability to adaptively change a response when previously learned stimulus-outcome contingencies are re...
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Acknowledgements J. Abstract How does the brain learn to balance between reactive and planned behaviors? The basal ganglia and frontal cortex together allow animals to learn planned behaviors that acquire rewards when prepotent reactive behaviors are insufficient. This paper proposes a new model, called TELOS, to explain how laminar circuitry of the frontal cortex, exemplified by the frontal ey...
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تاریخ انتشار 1999